Ilimi na gabaɗaya game da yadin yadi da kuma gano yadin gargajiya

Yadi mai yadisana'a ce ta ƙwararru. A matsayinmu na mai siyan kayan kwalliya, kodayake ba ma buƙatar ƙwarewa a fannin ilimin yadi kamar yadda muke da ƙwarewa a fannin masu fasaha a fannin yadi, suna buƙatar samun takamaiman ilimin yadi kuma su iya gano yadi na gama gari, fahimtar fa'idodi da rashin amfanin waɗannan yadi da salon da suka dace.

1. Babban bayanin masana'anta

(1) Tsarin yadi: Tsarin yadi, gami da kayan aiki, ji da hannu, da sauransu, yana ƙayyade cewa halaye da yawa na yadi abubuwan da abokan ciniki dole ne su fahimta lokacin siyan kayayyaki, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci.

(2) Halayen jinya: kula da masaku ya haɗa da wankewa, kulawa, da sauransu, wanda shine abun ciki da masu amfani da shi za su damu da shi musamman. Wani lokaci abokan ciniki suna daina siyan samfurin saboda kulawar tana da rikitarwa.

(3) Yadi da kayan saƙa: Saboda nau'ikan kayan saƙa daban-daban da hanyoyin saƙa, yadi don tufafi yana da waɗannan nau'ikan asali guda biyu:

① Yadi: ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi biyu ko fiye na zare da ke tsakaninsu a kusurwar dama, ana kiran zare mai tsayi da warp, zaren mai juyawa baya da gaba ana kiransa weft. Saboda zaren yadi yana haɗuwa da juna ta hanyar tsaye, gundumar tana da ƙarfi, karko, kuma ƙarancin raguwa.

② Abu na saƙa: tsarin zoben zare yana samar da zoben allura, sabon zoben allura yana ta cikin zoben allurar da ta gabata, wanda aka maimaita shi, wato, samuwar abin saƙa.

(4) Tsarin tsarin masana'anta: Ga waɗannan kyallen asali guda uku mafi asali, waɗanda aka fi sani da tsarin asali. Duk sauran ƙungiyoyi sun fito ne daga waɗannan canje-canjen ƙungiya guda uku.

① Tsarin lebur: lanƙwasa na yadin lebur yana shawagi da saka. Siffar tsarin lebur ita ce tasirin bayyanar ɓangarorin biyu na yadin iri ɗaya ne, kuma saman yana da lebur, don haka ana kiransa da tsarin lebur. Tsarin yadin da ba a saba gani ba yana da ƙarfi, rashin kyawunsa shine jin tauri, tsarin yana da tsauri.

② Twill tissue: yankin nama na twill tsari ne mai ci gaba da karkata. Halayyar masana'anta twill tissue ita ce masana'anta tana da bambanci na gaba da mara kyau, wanda yake matsewa da kauri fiye da masana'anta mai lebur, tare da kyakkyawan sheƙi da laushi. Duk da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin kauri da yawan warp ft iri ɗaya, ƙarfinsa bai kai na masana'anta mai lebur ba.

③ Tsarin Satin: Tsarin Satin shine mafi rikitarwa daga cikin kyallen asali guda uku. Siffar kyallen satin ita ce: saman yadi yana da santsi, cike da sheƙi, laushi yana da laushi, amma idan aka kwatanta shi da yadi mai lebur, yadi mai twill, mai sauƙin gogayya da gashi, har ma da lalacewa. Tsarin hatsi galibi ana amfani da shi don samfuran sutura na yau da kullun.

(5) Nauyin yadi: - gabaɗaya tare da nauyin gram a kowace murabba'in mita, yana nufin nauyin yadi, yana nuna kauri na ma'aunin yadi. A matsayin mai siye ya kamata ya fahimci nauyin yadi na bazara da bazara gabaɗaya (galibi yadi da aka saka) da nauyin yadi na kaka da hunturu gabaɗaya.

2. Rarraba zare na yadi

Ana raba zaren yadi zuwa zaren halitta da zaren sinadarai.

(1) Zare na halitta: yana nufin zare na yadi da aka samo daga tsirrai ko dabbobi. Ya ƙunshi zare na shuka (auduga, hemp) da zare na dabbobi (gashi, siliki).

(2) Zaren sinadarai: galibi an raba shi zuwa rukuni uku masu zuwa:

① Zaren da aka sake amfani da shi: zaren da aka yi da zaren cellulose na halitta. Ana yin gashin Rayon, rayon da jabu ta wannan hanyar.

② Zaren roba: polyester, acrylic, nailan, polypropylene, da chlorine da ake amfani da su a wannan rukuni suna cikin wannan rukuni.

③ Zaren da ba ya aiki: zaren silicate, zaren ƙarfe, waɗanda ke cikin wannan rukuni,

3. Fahimtar yadi na gama gari

Ga manyan fa'idodi da rashin amfanin yadi da ake amfani da su akai-akai da kuma hanyoyin tantancewa.

(1) Auduga:

① manyan fasaloli:

a. Sha danshi mai ƙarfi.

b. Zane na auduga ba shi da ƙarfi sosai ga sinadarin da ba shi da sinadarai masu gina jiki.

c. Tsawon lokaci yana fuskantar hasken rana da yanayi, zane na auduga na iya yin tasiri a hankali kan iskar shaka, rage yawan iskar shaka.

d. Ƙananan halittu, mold da sauran yadin auduga.

② babban fa'ida:

A, saman yadin yana da laushi mai laushi da laushi.

(5) Nauyin gram na yadi (Nauyin yadi): - gabaɗaya tare da nauyin gram a kowace murabba'in mita, yana nufin nauyin kowace murabba'in mita na yadi, yana nuna kauri na ma'aunin yadi. A matsayin mai siye ya kamata ya fahimci nauyin gama gari na yadi na gargajiya na bazara da bazara (galibi yadi da aka saka) da nauyin gama gari na yadi na gargajiya na kaka da hunturu.

2. Rarraba zare na yadi

Ana raba zaren yadi zuwa zaren halitta da zaren sinadarai.

(1) Zare na halitta: yana nufin zare na yadi da aka samo daga tsirrai ko dabbobi. Ya ƙunshi zare na shuka (auduga, hemp) da zare na dabbobi (gashi, siliki).

(2) Zaren sinadarai: galibi an raba shi zuwa rukuni uku masu zuwa:

① Zaren da aka sake amfani da shi: zaren da aka yi da zaren cellulose na halitta. Ana yin gashin Rayon, rayon da jabu ta wannan hanyar.

② Zaren roba: polyester, acrylic, nailan, polypropylene, da chlorine da ake amfani da su a wannan rukuni suna cikin wannan rukuni.

③ Zaren da ba ya aiki: zaren silicate, zaren ƙarfe, waɗanda ke cikin wannan rukuni,

3. Fahimtar yadi na gama gari

Ga manyan fa'idodi da rashin amfanin yadi da ake amfani da su akai-akai da kuma hanyoyin tantancewa.

(1) Auduga:

① manyan fasaloli:

a. Sha danshi mai ƙarfi.

b. Zane na auduga ba shi da ƙarfi sosai ga sinadarin da ba shi da sinadarai masu gina jiki.

c. Tsawon lokaci yana fuskantar hasken rana da yanayi, zane na auduga na iya yin tasiri a hankali kan iskar shaka, rage yawan iskar shaka.

d. Ƙananan halittu, mold da sauran yadin auduga.

② babban fa'ida:

A, saman yadin yana da laushi mai laushi da laushi.

f. Mai jure zafi mai yawa, ana iya amfani da shi don yin guga mai zafi.

⑥ Babban kayan haɗin da aka haɗa:

a. Auduga mai laushi: hasken saman yadi yana da laushi da haske, launi mai haske, santsi da santsi, laushi, rashin laushi. Bayan an matse yadin da hannu, ana iya ganin mayafin da ke bayyane, kuma mayafin ba shi da sauƙin ɓacewa.

B, audugar polyester: sheƙi ya fi kyallen auduga mai tsabta haske, saman kyallen mai santsi, mai tsabta ba tare da kan zare ko ƙazanta ba. Jin santsi, laushi mai laushi fiye da kyallen auduga mai tsabta. Bayan an matse kyallen, ƙulli ba ya bayyana, kuma yana da sauƙin dawo da yanayin asali.